Along an orthogonal axis (often the x-axis): The left and right views, which are also known as elevations, following the same reasoning.Along a horizontal axis (often the z-axis): The front and back views, which are known as elevations (because they show the heights of features of an object such as a building).Along a vertical axis (often the y-axis): The top and bottom views, which are known as plans (because they show the arrangement of features on a horizontal plane, such as a floor in a building).To render each such picture, a ray of sight (also called a projection line, projection ray or line of sight) towards the object is chosen, which determines on the object various points of interest (for instance, the points that are visible when looking at the object along the ray of sight) those points of interest are mapped by an orthographic projection to points on some geometric plane (called a projection plane or image plane) that is perpendicular to the ray of sight, thereby creating a 2D representation of the 3D object.Ĭustomarily, two rays of sight are chosen for each of the three axes of the object's coordinate system that is, parallel to each axis, the object may be viewed in one of 2 opposite directions, making for a total of 6 orthographic projections (or 'views') of the object: When the plane or axis of the object depicted is not parallel to the projection plane, and where multiple sides of an object are visible in the same image, it is called an auxiliary view.Ĭomparison of several types of graphical projection, including elevation and plan views Other names for these views include plan, elevation and section. These views are known as front view, top view and end view. Although six different sides can be drawn, usually three views of a drawing give enough information to make a three-dimensional object.

In each, the appearances of views may be thought of as being projected onto planes that form a six-sided box around the object. The views are positioned relative to each other according to either of two schemes: first-angle or third-angle projection. Up to six pictures of an object are produced (called primary views), with each projection plane parallel to one of the coordinate axes of the object. In technical drawing and computer graphics, a multiview projection is a technique of illustration by which a standardized series of orthographic two-dimensional pictures are constructed to represent the form of a three-dimensional object.

X wing front view